Compare presidents
Presidential terms differ in length and in data coverage, so every figure comes with the years it is built on and with caveats. Money is best compared as % of GDP: som and dollar amounts are nominal, not adjusted for inflation (the som exchange rate also affects dollar amounts). There is no overall ranking — only comparable indicators and their sources.
Domestic public debt, at the end of the term: Bakiyev (12/31/2004 → 12/31/2009) — $194M; Otunbayeva (12/31/2009 → 12/31/2011) — $277M; Atambayev (12/31/2011 → 12/31/2017) — $450M.
Data as of October 6, 2026
- Akayev1990–2005
- Bakiyev2005–2010
- Otunbayeva2010–2011
- Atambayev2011–2017
- Jeenbekov2017–2020
- Japarov2021–
- All six terms
Three terms are selected, which is the maximum. To add another president, remove one of the selected.
Domestic public debt
At the end of the term · for the incumbent, the latest available date (for shares of GDP, the latest full year) · chronological order
- Bakiyev12/31/2004 → 12/31/2009$194MRecalculated by news.kg
- Otunbayeva12/31/2009 → 12/31/2011$277MRecalculated by news.kg
- Atambayev12/31/2011 → 12/31/2017$450MRecalculated by news.kg
Sources: Нацстатком КР, табл. 2.03.00.01 «Задолженность органов государственного управления» (данные Минфина КР), млн сомов ÷ курс НБКР на конец года
Domestic public debt: before → after
Value at the start and at the end of the term
- Kurmanbek Bakiyev · 2005–2009$194M
- Roza Otunbayeva · 2010–2011$277M
- Almazbek Atambayev · 2012–2017$450M
- Kurmanbek Bakiyev: $179M on 12/31/2004 → $194M on 12/31/20098.6% more compared with the end of 2004. Neutral indicator — not coloured.
- Roza Otunbayeva: $194M on 12/31/2009 → $277M on 12/31/201143% more compared with the end of 2009. Neutral indicator — not coloured.
- Almazbek Atambayev: $277M on 12/31/2011 → $450M on 12/31/201762% more compared with the end of 2011. Neutral indicator — not coloured.
Sources: Нацстатком КР, табл. 2.03.00.01 «Задолженность органов государственного управления» (данные Минфина КР), млн сомов ÷ курс НБКР на конец года
Colour of changes:green — change in the desirable direction for the indicatorred — in the undesirable directiongrey — almost unchanged or a neutral indicator (arrow shows direction)how we calculate
All comparison figures
Domestic public debt: every way of counting, years, data coverage, flags and sources
| President | Term years | Coverage | At start | At end | Change | vs previous termAt the end of the term | Flags | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kurmanbek Bakiyev | 2005–2009 (5 years) | 5 of 5 years | $179M12/31/2004 | $194M12/31/2009 | 8.6% more compared with the end of 2004. Neutral indicator — not coloured. | 8.6% more compared with the previous term (Askar Akayev, 1991–2004) (recalculated by news.kg). Neutral indicator — not coloured. | Recalculated by news.kg | |
| Roza Otunbayeva | 2010–2011 (2 years) | 2 of 2 years | $194M12/31/2009 | $277M12/31/2011 | 43% more compared with the end of 2009. Neutral indicator — not coloured. | 43% more compared with the previous term (Kurmanbek Bakiyev, 2005–2009) (recalculated by news.kg). Neutral indicator — not coloured. | Recalculated by news.kg | |
| Almazbek Atambayev | 2012–2017 (6 years) | 6 of 6 years | $277M12/31/2011 | $450M12/31/2017 | 62% more compared with the end of 2011. Neutral indicator — not coloured. | 62% more compared with the previous term (Roza Otunbayeva, 2010–2011) (recalculated by news.kg). Neutral indicator — not coloured. | Recalculated by news.kg |
All indicators for the term
Results of the selected terms across every comparison indicator on one screen: debt, economy, budget, living standards, social facilities, infrastructure. Each row has its default measure (yearly average, % of GDP, rate or end-of-term stock) and links to the detailed comparison with caveats.
| Indicator | Bakiyev | Otunbayeva | Atambayev |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debt and reserves | |||
| Public debt, % of GDP (Ministry of Finance)At the end of the term | 58.5% of GDP | 50.1% of GDP | 58.8% of GDP |
| External public debtAt the end of the term | $2,476M | $2,803M | $4,081M |
| Domestic public debtAt the end of the term | $194M | $277M | $450M |
| Public debt, totalAt the end of the term | $2,670M | $3,080M | $4,530M |
| Gross international reserves of the National BankAt the end of the term | $1,588M | $1,835M | $2,177M |
| Economy | |||
| Real GDP growthAverage annual rate | 4.48% | 2.7% | 4.57% |
| GDP per capita (World Bank)At the end of the term | $870 | $1,117 | $1,221 |
| Inflation (CPI), annual averageAverage annual rate | 10.1% | 12.2% | 4.47% |
| Budget | |||
| State budget balance, % of GDPTerm average | −0.12% of GDP | −4.85% of GDP | −2.77% of GDP |
| State budget expenditure% of GDP, average per year | 24.1% of GDP | 31.6% of GDP | 31.4% of GDP |
| Living standards | |||
| Average monthly wage in USD (calculated)At the end of the term | $144 per month | $202 per month | $228 per month |
| Poverty rateTerm average | 36.3% | 35.3% | 31.5% |
| Unemployment (ILO estimate)Term average | 3.08% | 3.57% | 4.09% |
| Remittances, % of GDPTerm average | 18.5% of GDP | 27.0% of GDP | 29.8% of GDP |
| Social facilities | |||
| Schools commissioned (pupil places)Average per year | 8.28 thousand places | 10 thousand places | 12.65 thousand places |
| Kindergartens commissioned (places)Average per year | 231 places | 795 places | 1,727 places |
| Hospitals commissioned (beds)Average per year | 100 beds | 140 beds | 353 beds |
| Outpatient clinics commissioned (visits per shift)Average per year | 717 visits per shift | 592 visits per shift | 1,107 visits per shift |
| Housing completedAverage per year | 703 thousand m² | 800 thousand m² | 1,135 thousand m² |
| Repairs of social facilities, total% of GDP, average per year | series does not cover this term | series does not cover this term | 1.09% of GDPdata for 5 of 6 years |
| School repairs% of GDP, average per year | series does not cover this term | series does not cover this term | 0.1% of GDPdata for 5 of 6 years |
| Infrastructure | |||
| Electricity generation, totalAverage per year | 13,423 GWh | 13,610 GWh | 14,219 GWh |
| Net electricity imports (calculated)Average per year | −1,816 GWh | −2,173 GWh | −361 GWh |
| Paved roads commissioned (National Statistics Committee)Average per year | series does not cover this term | series does not cover this term | 190 kmdata for 5 of 6 years |
| Water supply networks commissionedAverage per year | series does not cover this term | series does not cover this term | 254 kmdata for 5 of 6 years |
| Gas networks commissionedAverage per year | series does not cover this term | series does not cover this term | 44.22 kmdata for 5 of 6 years |
There is no overall ranking: indicators of different kinds do not add up to one score. For the current term the table marks the change on the previous term with data (on the same basis) and, where it applies, that the value is the highest or lowest among the terms. Colour shows the direction that is desirable for the indicator, not a judgement of the president. “No data” and “series does not cover this term” are not zero.
Domestic public debt by year
USD million · Annual values · 1993–2025
- Kurmanbek Bakiyev 2005–2009
- Roza Otunbayeva 2010–2011
- Almazbek Atambayev 2012–2017
Sources: Нацстатком КР, табл. 2.03.00.01 «Задолженность органов государственного управления» (данные Минфина КР), млн сомов ÷ курс НБКР на конец года; Минфин КР, Статистический бюллетень по государственному долгу КР №1 (на 31.12.2024), октябрь 2025; Минфин КР, «Уточнённая структура государственного долга КР на 31.12.2025» (опубл. 05.03.2026)