Compare presidents
Presidential terms differ in length and in data coverage, so every figure comes with the years it is built on and with caveats. Money is best compared as % of GDP: som and dollar amounts are nominal, not adjusted for inflation (the som exchange rate also affects dollar amounts). There is no overall ranking — only comparable indicators and their sources.
Remittances, % of GDP, term average: Bakiyev (2005–2009) — 18.5% of GDP; Otunbayeva (2010–2011) — 27.0% of GDP; Atambayev (2012–2017) — 29.8% of GDP.
Data as of October 6, 2026
- Akayev1990–2005
- Bakiyev2005–2010
- Otunbayeva2010–2011
- Atambayev2011–2017
- Jeenbekov2017–2020
- Japarov2021–
- All six terms
Three terms are selected, which is the maximum. To add another president, remove one of the selected.
Remittances, % of GDP
Term average · full years of the term only · chronological order
- Bakiyev2005–200918.5% of GDP
- Otunbayeva2010–201127.0% of GDP
- Atambayev2012–201729.8% of GDP
Sources: World Bank WDI API, BX.TRF.PWKR.DT.GD.ZS — «Personal remittances, received (% of GDP)» (lastupdated 2026-07-13)
Colour of changes:green — change in the desirable direction for the indicatorred — in the undesirable directiongrey — almost unchanged or a neutral indicator (arrow shows direction)how we calculate
All comparison figures
Remittances, % of GDP: every way of counting, years, data coverage, flags and sources
| President | Term years | Coverage | Term average | vs previous termTerm average | Flags | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kurmanbek Bakiyev | 2005–2009 (5 years) | 5 of 5 years | 18.5% of GDP | 17.2 pp higher compared with the previous term (Askar Akayev, 1991–2004). Neutral indicator — not coloured. | — | |
| Roza Otunbayeva | 2010–2011 (2 years) | 2 of 2 years | 27.0% of GDP | 8.5 pp higher compared with the previous term (Kurmanbek Bakiyev, 2005–2009). Neutral indicator — not coloured. | — | |
| Almazbek Atambayev | 2012–2017 (6 years) | 6 of 6 years | 29.8% of GDP | 2.8 pp higher compared with the previous term (Roza Otunbayeva, 2010–2011). Neutral indicator — not coloured. | — |
All indicators for the term
Results of the selected terms across every comparison indicator on one screen: debt, economy, budget, living standards, social facilities, infrastructure. Each row has its default measure (yearly average, % of GDP, rate or end-of-term stock) and links to the detailed comparison with caveats.
| Indicator | Bakiyev | Otunbayeva | Atambayev |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debt and reserves | |||
| Public debt, % of GDP (Ministry of Finance)At the end of the term | 58.5% of GDP | 50.1% of GDP | 58.8% of GDP |
| External public debtAt the end of the term | $2,476M | $2,803M | $4,081M |
| Domestic public debtAt the end of the term | $194M | $277M | $450M |
| Public debt, totalAt the end of the term | $2,670M | $3,080M | $4,530M |
| Gross international reserves of the National BankAt the end of the term | $1,588M | $1,835M | $2,177M |
| Economy | |||
| Real GDP growthAverage annual rate | 4.48% | 2.7% | 4.57% |
| GDP per capita (World Bank)At the end of the term | $870 | $1,117 | $1,221 |
| Inflation (CPI), annual averageAverage annual rate | 10.1% | 12.2% | 4.47% |
| Budget | |||
| State budget balance, % of GDPTerm average | −0.12% of GDP | −4.85% of GDP | −2.77% of GDP |
| State budget expenditure% of GDP, average per year | 24.1% of GDP | 31.6% of GDP | 31.4% of GDP |
| Living standards | |||
| Average monthly wage in USD (calculated)At the end of the term | $144 per month | $202 per month | $228 per month |
| Poverty rateTerm average | 36.3% | 35.3% | 31.5% |
| Unemployment (ILO estimate)Term average | 3.08% | 3.57% | 4.09% |
| Remittances, % of GDPTerm average | 18.5% of GDP | 27.0% of GDP | 29.8% of GDP |
| Social facilities | |||
| Schools commissioned (pupil places)Average per year | 8.28 thousand places | 10 thousand places | 12.65 thousand places |
| Kindergartens commissioned (places)Average per year | 231 places | 795 places | 1,727 places |
| Hospitals commissioned (beds)Average per year | 100 beds | 140 beds | 353 beds |
| Outpatient clinics commissioned (visits per shift)Average per year | 717 visits per shift | 592 visits per shift | 1,107 visits per shift |
| Housing completedAverage per year | 703 thousand m² | 800 thousand m² | 1,135 thousand m² |
| Repairs of social facilities, total% of GDP, average per year | series does not cover this term | series does not cover this term | 1.09% of GDPdata for 5 of 6 years |
| School repairs% of GDP, average per year | series does not cover this term | series does not cover this term | 0.1% of GDPdata for 5 of 6 years |
| Infrastructure | |||
| Electricity generation, totalAverage per year | 13,423 GWh | 13,610 GWh | 14,219 GWh |
| Net electricity imports (calculated)Average per year | −1,816 GWh | −2,173 GWh | −361 GWh |
| Paved roads commissioned (National Statistics Committee)Average per year | series does not cover this term | series does not cover this term | 190 kmdata for 5 of 6 years |
| Water supply networks commissionedAverage per year | series does not cover this term | series does not cover this term | 254 kmdata for 5 of 6 years |
| Gas networks commissionedAverage per year | series does not cover this term | series does not cover this term | 44.22 kmdata for 5 of 6 years |
There is no overall ranking: indicators of different kinds do not add up to one score. For the current term the table marks the change on the previous term with data (on the same basis) and, where it applies, that the value is the highest or lowest among the terms. Colour shows the direction that is desirable for the indicator, not a judgement of the president. “No data” and “series does not cover this term” are not zero.
Remittances, % of GDP by year
% of GDP · Annual values · 1993–2024
- Kurmanbek Bakiyev 2005–2009
- Roza Otunbayeva 2010–2011
- Almazbek Atambayev 2012–2017
Sources: World Bank WDI API, BX.TRF.PWKR.DT.GD.ZS — «Personal remittances, received (% of GDP)» (lastupdated 2026-07-13)
Show as table
| Period | Value | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 1993 | 0.1% of GDP | |
| 1994 | 0.1% of GDP | |
| 1995 | 0.1% of GDP | |
| 1996 | 0.1% of GDP | |
| 1997 | 0.2% of GDP | |
| 1998 | 0.1% of GDP | |
| 1999 | 0.1% of GDP | |
| 2000 | 0.2% of GDP | |
| 2001 | 0.3% of GDP | |
| 2002 | 1.9% of GDP | |
| 2003 | 3.7% of GDP | |
| 2004 | 8.1% of GDP | |
| 2005 | 12.7% of GDP | |
| 2006 | 16.7% of GDP | |
| 2007 | 18.5% of GDP | |
| 2008 | 23.8% of GDP | |
| 2009 | 20.9% of GDP | |
| 2010 | 26.4% of GDP | |
| 2011 | 27.6% of GDP | |
| 2012 | 30.8% of GDP | |
| 2013 | 31.1% of GDP | |
| 2014 | 30.0% of GDP | |
| 2015 | 25.3% of GDP | |
| 2016 | 29.3% of GDP | |
| 2017 | 32.3% of GDP | |
| 2018 | 32.5% of GDP | |
| 2019 | 28.8% of GDP | |
| 2020 | 31.8% of GDP | |
| 2021 | 32.6% of GDP | |
| 2022 | 26.9% of GDP | |
| 2023 | 18.9% of GDP | |
| 2024 | 17.6% of GDP | |
| Source: World Bank WDI API, BX.TRF.PWKR.DT.GD.ZS — «Personal remittances, received (% of GDP)» (lastupdated 2026-07-13) | ||