According to Reporters Without Borders (RSF), the published list includes presidents, government officials, security agencies and corporations that, in the organization's assessment, exert pressure on journalists and independent media.
Methods of pressure on the press
RSF notes that the methods of pressure on journalists are highly varied. They include not only criminal and judicial prosecution but also threats, discrediting, propaganda, cyberattacks and economic pressure on newsrooms.
Key figures and countries on the list
- Donald Trump, President of the United States
- Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, President of Kazakhstan
- Javier Milei, President of Argentina
- Vladimir Putin, President of the Russian Federation
- Daniel Ortega, President of Nicaragua
- The Israel Defense Forces
- The Communist Party of China
- Mexican drug cartels
The list was published on November 2, the International Day to End Impunity for Crimes against Journalists. This year the organization presented 33 portraits of individuals and structures it holds responsible for attacks on the press.
The situation in the United States
According to RSF's assessment, Donald Trump has intensified pressure on U.S. media during his second presidential term. The organization says the attacks on journalists go beyond public rhetoric and government policy, including physical restrictions on their work. The release also notes that the United States ranks 64th in RSF's World Press Freedom Index.
